Haryana (Hindi pronunciation: [ˈɦəɾɪjaːɳa]) is one of the 28 states in India, located in the northern part of the country It was carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1 November 1966 on a linguistic basis It is ranked 22nd in terms of area, with less than 14% (44,212 km2 or 17,070 sq mi) of India's land area Chandigarh is the state capital, Faridabad in National Capital Region is the most populous city of the state, and Gurugram is a leading financial hub of the NCR, with major Fortune 500 companies located in it.
Haryana has 6 administrative divisions, 22 districts, 72 sub-divisions, 93 revenue tehsils, 50 sub-tehsils, 140 community development blocks, 154 cities and towns, 6,848 villages, and 6222 villages panchayatsAs the largest recipient of investment per capita since 2000 in India, Haryana has the fifth highest per capita income among Indian states and territories, more than double the national average for year 2018–19 Haryana's state GSDP is 12th largest in India and grew at 1296% between 2012 and 2017 There are by 30 special economic zones (SEZs), mainly located within the industrial corridor projects connecting the National Capital Region (NCR).
Faridabad has been described as eighth fastest growing city in the world and third most in India In services, Gurugram ranks number 1 in India in IT growth rate and existing technology infrastructure, and number 2 in startup ecosystem, innovation and livability Haryana is the 7th highest among Indian states by human development index rankingAmong the world's oldest and largest ancient civilisations, the Indus Valley Civilization sites at Rakhigarhi village in Hisar district and Bhirrana in Fatehabad district are 9,000 years old Rich in history, monuments, heritage, flora and fauna, human resources and tourism with well developed economy, national highways and state roads, it is bordered by Himachal Pradesh to the north-east, by river Yamuna along its eastern border with Uttar Pradesh, by Rajasthan to the west and south, and Ghaggar-Hakra River flows along its northern border with Punjab.
Since Haryana surrounds the country's capital Delhi on three sides (north, west and south), consequently a large area of Haryana is included in the economically-important National Capital Region for the purposes of planning and development