Gujarat (, Gujarati: [ˈɡudʒəɾɑt] (listen)) is a state on the western coast of India with a coastline of 1,600 km (990 mi) – most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula – and a population of 604 million It is the fifth-largest Indian state by area and the ninth-largest state by population Gujarat is bordered by Rajasthan to the northeast, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu to the south, Maharashtra to the southeast, Madhya Pradesh to the east, and the Arabian Sea and the Pakistani province of Sindh to the west Its capital city is Gandhinagar, while its largest city is Ahmedabad.
The Gujarati people of India are indigenous to the state, and their language Gujarati, is the state's official language The economy of Gujarat is the fifth-largest in India, with a gross state domestic product (GSDP) of ₹1503 trillion (US$210 billion) and has the country's 11th-highest GSDP per capita of ₹196,000 (US$2,700) Gujarat ranks 21st among Indian states in human development index The state traditionally has low unemployment and is widely considered one of the most industrially developed states of India and a manufacturing hub.
The state encompasses some sites of the ancient Indus Valley Civilisation, such as Lothal, Dholavira and Gola Dhoro Lothal is believed to be one of the world's first seaports Gujarat's coastal cities, chiefly Bharuch and Khambhat, served as ports and trading centres in the Maurya and Gupta empires, and during the succession of royal Saka dynasties from the Western Satraps era Along with Bihar and Nagaland, Gujarat is one of the four Indian states to prohibit the sale of alcohol The Gir Forest National Park in Gujarat is home to the only wild population of the Asiatic lion in the world.